Management of Mandala Kushtha through Shodhana Therapy: Case Study

Abstract

Psoriasis, a chronic dermatological disorder, is characterized by erythematous lesions covered with silvery scales,  significantly affecting patients’ physical and mental well-being. Its impact extends beyond cosmetic concerns,  impairing quality of life. Conventional treatments for psoriasis often fail to provide a cure and may sometimes  exacerbate symptoms. Globally, psoriasis accounts for 8% of dermatological cases, with an estimated prevalence of  2.5% and a male-to-female ratio of 1.1:1. This case report details the treatment of a 32-year-old male patient with a  3-year history of skin lesions on the scalp, upper back, and abdomen. The lesions were marked by red demarcations,  silvery scaling, intense itching, and scales that detached with rubbing. Clinically, the condition was identified as  Mandala Kushta, a subtype of Kushta in Ayurveda, characterized by raised patches (Utsana Mandalam), stability  (Sthiram), hardness (Styanam), and whitish-red lesions (Shwetam Raktam). The patient underwent traditional  Ayurvedic therapies, including Vamana Karma (therapeutic emesis) and Virechana Karma (therapeutic purgation),  which were administered in line with classical principles for treating Kushta. Outcomes were evaluated using the  Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and photographic evidence taken before treatment, immediately after, and  2 months post-intervention. Following the therapy, there was a marked reduction in scaling, induration, and itching,  with only hyperpigmented pink lesions remaining. Mandala Kushta, also referred to as Mahakushta, arises from the  vitiation of Kapha dosha (Sleshma) and is associated with symptoms such as red spots, raised patches, itching, and  burning sensations. Contributing factors include moisture-inducing diets (Kledakar Ahar), dosha imbalances (Dosha  Vaishamya), channel obstructions (Srotavarodha), suppression of natural urges (Vegadharana), microbiological  factors (Krimi), and psychological conditions (Manovikaras). The involvement of Tri-dosha, along with Rakta,  Mamsa, and Twak, underscores the need for a holistic treatment approach. Clinical studies demonstrate that Shodhana  Chikitsa, followed by Shamana Chikitsa, is more effective in managing psoriasis than either therapy alone. This case  highlights the efficacy of Ayurvedic treatments, particularly Shodhana Chikitsa, in managing psoriasis.